1. Inkqubo yokusebenza kokubhukisha ishishini le-LCL yesikhongozeli
(1) Umthumeli uthumela i-note yokuthumela ngefeksi kwi-NVOCC, kwaye i-note yokuthumela kufuneka ibonise: umthumeli, umthumeli, isaziso, izibuko elithile lendawo oya kuyo, inani leziqwenga, ubunzima obupheleleyo, ubungakanani, imiqathango yokuthutha (ihlawulwe kwangaphambili, ihlawulwe xa kuhanjiswa, intlawulo yomntu wesithathu), kunye negama leempahla, umhla wokuthumela kunye nezinye iimfuno.
(2) I-NVOCC yabela inqanawa ngokweemfuno ezikwibhili yomthwalo womthumeli, kwaye ithumela isaziso sokwabiwa kwenqanawa kumthumeli, oko kukuthi, isaziso sokuhanjiswa. Isaziso sokwabiwa kwenqanawa siya kubonisa igama lenqanawa, inombolo yohambo, inombolo yebhili yomthwalo, idilesi yokuhanjiswa, inombolo yoqhagamshelwano, umntu oqhagamshelana naye, ixesha lamva nje lokuhanjiswa, kunye nexesha lokungena kwizibuko, kwaye ifuna umthumeli ukuba azise iimpahla ngokweengcaciso ezinikiweyo. Ifike ngaphambi kwexesha lokuhanjiswa.
(3) Isibhengezo seerhafu zelizwe.
(4) I-NVOCC ithumela isiqinisekiso sebhili yomthwalo kumthumeli ngefeksi, kwaye umthumeli ucelwa ukuba aqinisekise ukubuyiselwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, kungenjalo oku kunokuchaphazela ukukhutshwa okuqhelekileyo kwebhili yomthwalo. Emva kokuhamba ngenqanawa, i-NVOCC iya kukhupha ibhili yomthwalo kungekapheli usuku olunye lokusebenza emva kokufumana isiqinisekiso sebhili yomthwalo yomthumeli, kwaye ihlawule iindleko ezifanelekileyo.
(5) Emva kokuba iimpahla zithunyelwe, i-NVOCC kufuneka inike umthumeli ulwazi lwe-arhente yezibuko apho ziya khona kunye nolwazi lokwabiwa kwangaphambili kohambo lwesibini, kwaye umthumeli angaqhagamshelana nezibuko apho ziya khona ukuze afumane imvume yerhafu kunye nokuhanjiswa kweempahla ngokweenkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.
2. Iingxaki ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwi-LCL
1) Impahla ye-LCL ngokubanzi ayinakucacisa inkampani ethile yokuthumela impahla
2) I-LCL bill of lading ngokubanzi yi-bull of lading yokuthutha impahla (i-housc B/L)
3) Iingxaki zokuhlawuliswa kwemithwalo ye-LCL
Ukuhlawuliswa kwempahla ye-LCL kubalwa ngokobunzima nobukhulu bempahla. Xa impahla iziswa kwindawo yokugcina impahla emiselwe ngumthumeli ukuze igcinwe, indawo yokugcina impahla ngokubanzi iya kuphinda ilinganiswe, kwaye ubungakanani nobunzima obulinganiswe ngokutsha buya kusetyenziswa njengomgangatho wokutshaja.
3. Umahluko phakathi kwe-ocean bill of lading kunye ne-freight forwarding bill of lading
I-English of the ocean bill of lading yi-master (okanye i-ocean okanye i-liner) bill of loading, ebizwa ngokuba yi-MB/L, ekhutshwa yinkampani yokuthumela impahla. I-English of the freight forwarding bill of lading yi-house (okanye i-NVOCC) bill of loading, ebizwa ngokuba yi-HB/L, ekhutshwa yinkampani yokuthumela impahla.
4. Umahluko phakathi kwe-FCL bill of lading kunye ne-LCL bill of lading
Zombini i-FCL kunye ne-LCL zineempawu ezisisiseko zebhili yomthwalo, njengomsebenzi werisithi yempahla, ubungqina besivumelwano sothutho, kunye nesatifikethi setayitile. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
1) Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeebhili zemithwalo
Xa kuthunyelwa i-FCL ngenqanawa, umthumeli angacela i-MB/L (sea bill of lading) bill yomnini wenqanawa, okanye i-HB/L (freight forwarding bill of lading) bill of lading, okanye zombini. Kodwa kwi-LCL ngenqanawa, into enokufumaneka ngumthumeli yibill yempahla.
2) Indlela yokudlulisela yahlukile
Iindlela eziphambili zokudlulisa imithwalo yeekhonteyina zaselwandle zezi:
(1) I-FCL-FCL (ukuhanjiswa kwesikhongozeli esipheleleyo, uqhagamshelo olupheleleyo lwesikhongozeli, olubizwa ngokuba yi-FCL). I-FCL yokuthumela ngokuyintloko ikule ndlela. Le ndlela yokudlulisa yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwaye isebenzayo.
(2) I-LCL-LCL (ukuhanjiswa kwe-LCL, uqhagamshelo lokukhupha impahla, olubizwa ngokuba yi-LCL). I-LCL yokuthumela ngokuyintloko ikule ndlela. Umthumeli uhambisa iimpahla kwinkampani ye-LCL (umdibanisi) ngendlela yemithwalo emikhulu (LCL), kwaye inkampani ye-LCL inoxanduva lokupakisha; iarhente yezibuko yemihla ngemihla yenkampani ye-LCL inoxanduva lokukhupha impahla kunye nokukhulula impahla, ize emva koko ibe yimithwalo emikhulu ukuya kumntu wokugqibela othunyiweyo.
(3) I-FCL-LCL (ukuhanjiswa kwesikhongozeli esipheleleyo, uqhagamshelo lokukhupha impahla, olubizwa ngokuba yi-FCL). Umzekelo, umthumeli uneqela leempahla, elaneleyo kwisikhongozeli esinye, kodwa eli qela leempahla liya kusasazwa kubantu abahlukeneyo abathunyiweyo emva kokufika kwizibuko apho ziya khona. Ngeli xesha, linokuthunyelwa ngendlela ye-FCL-LCL. Umthumeli uhambisa iimpahla kumthumeli ngendlela yeekhonteyina ezipheleleyo, aze emva koko inkampani yomthumeli okanye yokuthutha impahla ikhuphe ii-odolo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo okanye ezincinci ngokweenkampani ezahlukeneyo zokuthutha impahla; iarhente yezibuko apho ziya khona yomthumeli okanye inkampani yokuthutha impahla inoxanduva lokukhupha impahla, ukukhulula impahla, ukwahlula impahla ngokweenkampani ezahlukeneyo zokuthutha impahla, aze emva koko azinike umthumeli wokugqibela ngendlela yeempahla ezininzi. Le ndlela isebenza kumthumeli omnye ohambelana neenkampani ezininzi zokuthutha impahla.
(4) I-LCL-FCL (ukuhanjiswa kwe-LCL, ukuhanjiswa kwe-FCL, okubizwa ngokuba kukuhanjiswa kwe-LCL). Abathumeli abaninzi banika impahla kumthwali ngendlela yemithwalo emininzi, kwaye inkampani yokuthutha impahla okanye yokuthutha impahla iqokelela impahla yomntu omnye othunyiweyo ize ihlanganiswe kwiikhonteyina ezipheleleyo; Ifomu inikwa umamkeli wokugqibela. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa abathumeli abaninzi abahambelana nabathumeli ababini.
I-FCL-FCL (igcwele ukuya kutsho kugcwale) okanye i-CY-CY (indawo ukuya kwindawo) idla ngokuboniswa kwibhili yomnini wenqanawa ye-FCL okanye kwibhili yokuthutha impahla, kwaye i-CY yindawo apho i-FCL iphathwa khona, inikezelwa, igcinwa kwaye igcinwa khona.
I-LCL-LCL (ukudibanisa ukuya ekuhlanganiseni) okanye i-CFS-CFS (ukusuka kwisikhululo ukuya kwisikhululo) idla ngokuboniswa kwibhili yomthwalo we-LCL. I-CFS isebenza ngeempahla ze-LCL, kubandakanya i-LCL, ukupakisha, ukukhupha impahla kunye nokucwangcisa impahla, indawo yokunikezela impahla.
3) Ukubaluleka kwamanqaku kwahlukile
Uphawu lokuthunyelwa kwesikhongozeli esipheleleyo alubalulekanga kangako kwaye alufuneki kangako, kuba yonke inkqubo yokuthutha kunye nokunikezelwa kwempahla isekelwe kwisikhongozeli, kwaye akukho kuthuthwa okanye ukusasazwa phakathi. Kakade ke, oku kunxulumene namaqela abandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yothutho. Ngokuphathelele ukuba umthumeli wokugqibela ukhathalele uphawu lokuthunyelwa kwempahla, akunanto yakwenza nothutho.
Uphawu lwe-LCL lubaluleke kakhulu, kuba iimpahla zabathumeli abaninzi abahlukeneyo zabelana ngesikhongozeli esinye, kwaye iimpahla zixutywe kunye. Impahla kufuneka yahlulwe ngeempawu zokuthumela.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-07-2023
